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How big is V354 Cephei?

V354 Cephei is 950,000,000 kilometers

Introduction: A Star Bigger Than You Can Imagine

Have you ever looked up at the night sky and wondered just how big the stars are? We’re going to explore one of the largest stars that astronomers have discovered in our galaxy, the Milky Way. Its name might sound a bit like a robot from a science fiction movie, but it’s very real: meet V354 Cephei!

The Size of V354 Cephei: A Giant Among Giants

V354 Cephei is a red supergiant star. To give you an idea of how massive this star is, let’s compare it with our very own Sun. If the Sun were the size of a soccer ball, then V354 Cephei would be as large as a hot air balloon! That’s because V354 Cephei is about 685 times larger in radius than the Sun.

  • The Sun’s radius is about 696,340 kilometers, while V354 Cephei’s radius is approximately 477,000,000 kilometers. - That means if you lined up 685 suns side by side, they would be roughly the same size as V354 Cephei!

If V354 Cephei Was Our Sun

Now, let’s imagine what life would be like if V354 Cephei took the Sun’s place in the center of our Solar System. This immense star would extend all the way out to between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.

  • If you were standing on the surface of Mars, you would see V354 Cephei filling up almost the entire sky! - Even Jupiter, the largest planet in our Solar System and far from the Sun, would be dangerously close to this red supergiant.

Understanding V354 Cephei’s Position and Variables

V354 Cephei is located over 8,900 light-years away from us. That means the light we see from this star today actually started its journey towards us around the time when humans were first learning to farm!

  • A light-year is the distance that light travels in one year, which is about 9.46 trillion kilometers.
  • So, when you look at V354 Cephei, you’re seeing it as it was 8,900 years ago! Not only is V354 Cephei massive, but it’s also an irregular variable star. This means that its brightness changes over time, making it a fascinating object for astronomers to study.

Wrapping Up: A Star That Defies Imagination

The sheer size of V354 Cephei is hard to comprehend. It’s a reminder of just how vast our universe is, filled with celestial objects that dwarf our Earth and Sun. While it’s located far away from us, studying stars like V354 Cephei helps scientists better understand the universe we live in. So, next time you gaze at the night sky, remember that among those twinkling points of light is a star so large it could swallow up our Solar System! As we continue to explore the cosmos, who knows what other giants we may encounter? For now, V354 Cephei holds a special place in our hearts and minds as one of the largest known stars in our Milky Way.

Smaller By Category
La Superba
La Superba is one of the reddest stars in the night sky. It is so red because of all the carbon-13 it creates when fusing helium. (Normal carbon is carbon-12.) La Superba is only 2700° C, making it one of the coldest stars.
S Doradus
S Doradus is a hypergiant, as well as one of the brightest stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud. For more about the Large Magellanic Cloud, zoom out 8.5 orders of magnitude.
R Doradus
R Doradus is relatively large and is only 200 light-years from Earth, so its apparent size is the second largest in the sky! It is 0.05 arcseconds across. The Sun is the largest, at 1,920 arcseconds - 40,000 times larger.
Larger By Category
Antares
Antares is a red supergiant very near the ecliptic, so it gets occulted (blocked) by the Moon quite often. Also, Antares weighs septillions of tons and is losing weight through solar wind, but this method is slow. The fast way is to explode, which it'll do later.
Betelgeuse
Though stars can live for trillions of years, Betelgeuse is so big that it will only live for just over 8 million years. Since it is that old, it could explode at any moment! When it explodes, the supernova will be visible during the day. More likely however, it'll explode thousands of years from now.
VV Cephei A
For a while VV Cephei A was the largest known star. Now that title belongs to Stephenson 2-18. That's because new stars are being discovered all the time!