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The Tiny, Mighty Up Quark

Have you ever wondered what makes up the world around you? The answer lies in the tiniest particles known to science, quarks. Among these, the up quark is the lightest and most fundamental. It’s so small, it’s almost impossible to imagine. But let’s try to understand it better.

Size of an Up Quark

The size of an up quark is incredibly small, even when compared to other tiny particles. In fact, it’s so small that scientists can’t measure it directly. They believe it to be smaller than one femtometer. To give you an idea, a femtometer is a million times smaller than a nanometer, and a nanometer is a billion times smaller than a meter.

To put it in perspective:

  • If an up quark was the size of a grain of sand, a proton (which is made up of two up quarks and one down quark) would be as big as a house.
  • If an up quark was the size of a marble, an atom would be as large as the Earth.

What Makes Up Quarks Special?

  • Up quarks, along with down quarks, form the neutrons and protons of atomic nuclei. This means they are a significant part of all matter, including you and me!
  • They are part of the first generation of matter, making them some of the oldest particles in the universe.
  • Up quarks have an electric charge of +2/3 e, which helps them bind together to form larger particles.
  • They experience all four fundamental interactions: gravitation, electromagnetism, weak interactions, and strong interactions. This means they play a key role in the forces that shape our universe.

The Discovery of Up Quarks

The existence of up quarks was first suggested in 1964 by scientists Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig. They proposed the idea of quarks to explain the Eightfold Way classification scheme of hadrons, a group of particles. The up quark was first observed by experiments at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in 1968.

Wrapping Up

The up quark may be incredibly small, but it plays a huge role in the universe. It’s a fundamental building block of matter and a key player in the forces that shape our world. So, the next time you look around you, remember that everything you see is made up of these tiny, mighty particles.

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Smaller By Category
Nedkvarken
Det finns sex varianter av kvarkar. De är upp, ned, sär, charm, topp och botten. Nedkvarken har en laddning av -1/3.
Särkvarken
Särkvarken den tredje lättaste av alla kvarkar. Exempel på partiklar som innehåller särkvarkar är kaoner, D-mesoner och Sigma baryoner
Charmkvark
Charmkvarken och särkvarken tillhör den andra generationens kvarkar. De sönderfaller snabbt till upp- eller nerkvarkar som tillhör den första generationen av kvarkar.
Larger By Category
Högenergineutriner
Neutriner med hög energi verkar vara större. För mer information om neutriner gå till dess bild som visar den genomsnittliga storleken. Den är 15000 gånger mindre!
Räckvidden av den svaga kraften
Den svaga kraften är en av de fyra grundläggande krafterna i naturen och är den svagare av de två kärnkrafterna. När avståndet ökar minskar dess styrka. På bara 10 attometer är den svaga kraften så svag att den är omätbar.
Längder kortare än detta har inte bekräftats experimentellt.
Alla saker som är mindre än detta har inte mäts. De storlekar som visas när man zoomar in härifrån är bara uppskattningar. Vissa saker, som kvantskum, är bara en hypotes.
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